Objective: The present study investigates the possible neuroprotective potential of galantamine with soya-lecithin and HCQ against intracerebroventricular streptozotocin (ICV-STZ) induced memory impairment in a rat model of sporadic dementia of Alzheimer’s type

Background: Galantamine an acetylcholinesterase (AChEs) inhibitor used for the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Soya-lecithin is a good source of choline improves cognitive performance. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) an antimalarial drug with an anti-inflammatory property.

Methods: Animals received single bilateral ICV injections of STZ (3 mg/kg). Drugs galantamine (2 mg/kg), soya-lecithin (100 & 200 mg/kg), HCQ (25 & 50 mg/kg) and their combination was administered for a period of 21 days. Various neurobehavioral parameters, followed by biochemical (oxidative stress markers), AChEs level, molecular (TNF-α level), mitochondrial respiratory enzyme complexes (I-IV), neurotransmitter levels and histopathological (H&E staining) evaluations.

Results: ICV-STZ administration significantly impaired cognitive performance indicated by MWM test, increased oxidative stress (raised lipid peroxidation, nitrite concentration, reduced glutathione, catalase activity), AChEs level, increased TNF-α level, decrease neurotransmitter levels, mitochondrial dysfunction and histopathological alterations as compared to sham treatment. Chronic treatment with galantamine (2 mg/kg), soya-lecithin (100 & 200 mg/kg), HCQ (25 & 50 mg/kg) significantly improved cognitive performance in MWM test, reduced AChEs activity, neuroinflammation, oxidative damage, TNF-α level, restored mitochondrial respiratory enzyme complex (I-IV) activities and histopathological alterations as compared to ICV-STZ treated animals. Further, combinations of soya-lecithin (100 & 200 mg/kg) and HCQ (25 & 50 mg/kg) with galantamine (2 mg/kg) and soya-lecithin (100 & 200 mg/kg) and HCQ (25 & 50 mg/kg) combination suggests the modulation of the neuroprotective potential as compared to their effect alone in ICV-STZ treated animals. Further, the present study suggests the combination potential of soya-lecithin (100 & 200 mg/kg) and HCQ (25 & 50 mg/kg) with galantamine (2 mg/kg) and it was found that galantamine (2 mg/kg) significantly modulate the neuroprotective potential of soya-lecithin (100 & 200 mg/kg) and HCQ (25 & 50 mg/kg) combination in ICV-STZ treated rats as compared to their effect alone.

Conclusions: The present study suggests that co-administration of galantamine with soya-lecithin and HCQ significantly improves cognitive performance in ICV-STZ treated rats as compared to their effect alone.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/the-possible-neuroprotective-potential-of-galantamine-along-with-soya-lecithin-and-hydroxychloroquine-against-icv-stz-induced-cognitive-dysfunction-in-rats/