Objective: To demonstrate the feasibility of a simple low-cost procedure to quantitatively measure movements in the extremities of people with Parkinson’s disease and other movement disorders utilizing a modification of the Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) [1, 2].

Background: We constructed promising inexpensive instrumentation to generate continuous measurements of the movements of participants who were administered portions of the MDS-UPDRS and related items [1-9]. Completion of a full dataset [10] to confirm the feasibility of the project had not been accomplished.

Method: Trained examiners administered and scored a low-cost quantitative continuous measurement of movements in the extremities of people with Parkinson’s disease [1, 2] while technologists recorded the output of the instrumentation attached to the participants.Raters had no further evaluation. Ten participants with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and one participant with multiple system atrophy (MSA) underwent the test procedure once. Ten participants with PD and eight healthy controls underwent a retest of the protocol [1, 2] a week or more after the initial testing. Each testing includes measurement of twelve movements [1, 2].

Results: The instrumentation generated twelve files for the output of each measurement corresponding to the three dimensions of the four accelerometers positioned on the participants for each movement [1,2].The data was utilized to obtain fast Fourier [3-9] and continuous wavelet transforms [3-9] and to correlate with MDS-UDPRS [1]. Although most participants completed the protocol, time was inadequate to complete others. Some participants complained of discomfort.

Conclusion: A simple low-cost procedure to quantitatively measure movements in the extremities of people with Parkinson’s disease and other movement disorders utilizing a modification of the MDS-UPDRS [1, 2] is feasible. The data from the instrumentation has been converted into fast Fourier (FFTs) and continuous wavelet transforms (CWTs) to present quantitative measurements of the motions of participants undergoing the administration of a modification of the MDS-UPDRS [1, 2, 10]. The ability to objectively quantify changes in dominant movement frequency and arrests of movement by visual observation of FFTs and CWTs of patients will be valuable to providers for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.

References: [1] C.G. Goetz, B.C. Tilley, S.R. Shaftman, G.T. Stebbins, S. Fahn, P. Martinez-Martin, et al., Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (MDS- UPDRS): scale presentation and clinimetric testing results. Mov.Disord. 23 (2008) 2129–2170. [2] G.N. McKay, T.P. Harrigan, J.R. Brasic, A low-cost quantitative continuous measurement of movements in the extremities of people with Parkinson’s disease. MethodsX. 6 (2019) 169-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mex.2018.12.017 [3] J.R. Brasic, T. Harrigan, B.J. Hwang, A.K. Mathur, K.A. Mills, A. Pantelyat, J. Bang, L. Rosenthal, E. Moukheiber, K. Kitzmiller, J.M. Roberts, P. Vyas, A.B. Syed, D.F. Wong. Test-retest of a coding form for a low-cost quantitative continuous measurement of movements in the extremities of people with Parkinson’s disease. Chicago, IL: Society for Neuroscience, 2019. Online: https://www.abstractsonline.com/pp8/#!/7883/presentation/73751 [abstract] [4] J.R. Brasic, G.N. McKay, T.P. Harrigan, A.Y. Pantelyat, K.A. Mills, B.J. Hwang, J.Y.A. Bang, C. Mishra, L. Rosenthal, E. Moukheiber, K. Kitzmiller, A. Mathur, J. Roberts, D.F. Wong, Quantitative continuous measurement of tremor. Program No. 014.02. 2018 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, 2018. https://abstractsonline.com/pp8/#!/4649/presentation/38332 (accessed 21 September 2019). [abstract] [5] J.R. Brasic, G.N. McKay, B.J. Hwang, T.P. Harrigan, C. Mishra, K.A. Mills, A. Pantelyat, J. Bang, L. Rosenthal, A. Mathur, K. Kitzmiller, D.F. Wong, Quantitative continuous measurement of movements in the extremities of people with Parkinson’s disease. Program No. 189.10. 2017 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience, 2017. http://www.abstractsonline.com/pp8/#!/4376/presentation/34605 (accessed 21 September 2019). [abstract] [6] T. Harrigan, J.R. Brasic, G.N. McKay, K.A. Mills, B.J.A. Bang, B.J. Hwang, C. Mishra, A. Pantelyat, L. Fayad, D.F. Wong, Wavelet investigation of accelerometry in Parkinson’s disease. Program No. 014.03. 2018 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. San Diego, CA: Society for Neuroscience, 2018. https://abstractsonline.com/pp8/#!/4649/presentation/38333 (accessed 21 September 2019). [abstract] [7] T. Harrigan, J.R. Brasic, G.N. McKay, K.A. Mills, B.J. Hwang, C. Mishra, A. Pantelyat, L. Fayad , D.F.Wong, Accelerometry in Parkinson’s disease. Program No. 189.08. 2017 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience, 2017. http://www.abstractsonline.com/pp8/#!/4376/presentation/34603 (accessed 21 September 2019). [abstract] [8] T. H. Harrigan, J. R. Brasic, K.A. Mills, B.J. Hwang, C. Mishra, A. Pantelyat, P. Vyas, D.F. Wong. Wavelet shapes for feature extraction in accelerometry in Parkinson’s disease. Chicago, IL: Society for Neuroscience, 2019. Online: https://www.abstractsonline.com/pp8/#!/7883/presentation/73748 [abstract]\ [9] B.J. Hwang, G.N. McKay, T. Harrigan, C.Mishra, A. Pantelyat, D.F. Wong, J.R. Brasic, Test-retest of instrumentation to quantitatively measure movements of Parkinson’s disease. Program No. 189.09. 2017 Neuroscience Meeting Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience, 2017. http://www.abstractsonline.com/pp8/#!/4376/presentation/34604 (accessed 21 September 2019). [abstract] [10] T. Harrigan, A. Syed, B. Hwang, A. Mathur, K. Mills, A. Pantelyat, J.Bang, C. Mishra, P. Vyas, S. Martin, A. Jamal, L. Ziegelman, M. Hernandez, A. Gaite, D. Wong, J. Brasic. Quantitative continuous measurement of movements in the extremities. Mendeley Data, v.1 2020. DOI: 10.17632/xs8nycxg9v.1

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