Objective: Objective: This study intends to analyze the impact of body composition and metabolic diseases on the risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD) using large-scale longitudinal cohort data from the UK Biobank.

Background: Background: Malnutrition and metabolic disorders have detrimental effects on PD. Estimation of body composition is crucial for nutritional screening in PD. Traditional BMI is used for screening nutritional status, but it fails to differentiate between fat and lean tissue components, rendering it a less valuable marker of metabolic status. Furthermore, there is currently a lack of research on the association between the presence of metabolic diseases and the occurrence of PD.

Method: Methods: Between 2006 and 2010, patients who underwent whole-body bioimpedance measurements at the UK Biobank were included in the analysis. Cox proportional hazards regression models were utilized and subgroup analyses were conducted based on age and sex.

Results: Results: Body Composition Analysis: A total of 390,217 participants were included, among whom 2,182 eventually developed PD. After adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, smoking, alcohol, Townsend deprivation index, and physical activity, it was found that the higher fat percentage (FP) and fat mass (FM) in females were associated with elevated PD risk, while the higher free fat mass (FFM) and predicted muscle mass (PMM) was associated with reduced PD risk in individuals with age>60 years and in males.

Metabolic Analysis: A total of 285,394 participants were included, with 994 developing PD. Analysis revealed that the presence of nutritional, endocrine, and metabolic diseases (ICD-10:E00-E90) and diabetes (ICD-10:E10-E14) increased the risk of PD in individuals with age<60 years and in males (<60 years: E00-E90: HR=2.728 (1.659-4.485), P<0.001; E10-E14: HR=3.992 (1.960-8.130), P<0.001) (male: E00-E90: HR=1.468 (1.104-1.954), P=0.008; E10-E14: HR=1.716 (1.156-2.547), P=0.007), while this effect was not significant in individuals with age>60 years and in females.

Conclusion: Conclusions: This study found that higher FP and FM in females increased the risk of PD, but higher FFM and PMM in males decreased the risk of PD. In males or individuals with age<60 years, the presence of nutritional, endocrine, and metabolic diseases increased the risk of PD, but not in females and individuals with age>60 years.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/predicting-the-risk-of-parkinsons-disease-by-body-composition-and-metabolic-diseases-in-gender-and-age-dependent-manners/