Objective: The objects of this study is to clarify the relationship between nutritional traits and the prodromal phase of PD in the community-dwelling older adults.

Background: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease in older adults, developing with motor disturbances. According to the growing aging population, people living with PD is increasing. Dopamine replacement is effective to motor symptoms, but there is no curative or disease-modifying treatment. Nutrition is a well-known environmental risk factor of PD and can be modifiable risk factors. Nutritionaltraits have not yet been adequately studied in the prodromal phase of PD.

Method: Subjects were enrolled from the community-dwelling older adults. As for the criteria of prodromal PD, probability of prodromal PD (PPP) and mild parkinsonian sign (MPS) were employed. Nutritional status was evaluated with a self-administered food frequency questionnaire form. Total energy intake, the three major nutrients, vitamins B, water, and dietary fiber were calculated. All data was statistically analyzed.

Results: We could enroll 305 subjects. The prevalence rate of older adults living with prodromal PD was 4.1% by PPP ≥ 0.3 and 21.0% by MPS criteria. There is no statistically significant differences when we examined the bare PPP values (0.066 vs 0.047, p=0.148) and the percentage of PPP ≥ 0.3 (6.3% vs 4.3%, p=0.281), divided into MPS positive and negative. Subjects with PPP ≥ 0.3 showed significantly higher fat intake (33.4 ± 8.8 g/1000 kcal/day vs 29.3 ± 6.7 g/1000 kcal/day, p=0.036) and lower carbohydrate intake (121.4 ±19.0 g/1000 kcal/day vs 132.1 ±17.7 g/1000 kcal/day, p=0.042). MPS positive subjects had significantly lower total energy intake (1817.5 ± 384.7 kcal/day vs 1933.7 ± 433.7 kcal/day, P=0.039).

Conclusion: This community-based cross-sectional study suggested that the nutritional traits can be different between older populations with and without prodromal PD. The difference was characteristically pronounced when older adults were evaluated using with PPP based on the prodromal PD criteria. The nutrition and diet may contribute to modifying the incidence of PD.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/nutritional-traits-in-the-prodromal-phase-on-parkinsons-disease-in-community-dwelling-older-adults-in-japan/