Objective: To explore the effects of probiotics strains Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis (B.lactis) and Lactobacillus acidophilus (L.acidophilus) on the inflammation of gut-brain axis and degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease (PD) mice model.

Background: Previous studies suggested that gut microbiota dysbiosis plays a key role in the progress of PD. However, the potential roles of probiotics supplement in the gut-brain axis of PD are still unclear, and few studies investigated the change of the gut and brain inflammation at the same time.

Method: Six-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were oral-administered the probiotics strains L.acidophilus NCFM and B.lactis HN019 or saline for 4 weeks prior to testing. 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) or saline were injected in to the mice model twice a week along with oral-administered probiotics or saline each day over the 5 weeks. Gastrointestinal and motor symptoms was assessed per week during the MPTP treatment. α-synuclein (α-Syn) expression, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) neuron loss, neuroinflammation of the substantia nigra (SN) were analyzed. The gut inflammation and its barrier integrity were also investigated. Fecal samples were collected and the DNA were extracted and performed 16S rRNA sequencing targeting V3-V4 region.

Results: The supplementary of L.acidophilus NCFM and B.lactis HN019 significantly attenuated gastrointestinal and motor symptoms, along with the decrease of TH-positive neuronal loss, pro-inflammatory cytokines mRNA expression, Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and TLR4 expressions and typical hallmarks of the pro-inflammatory microglia. Additionally, the probiotics alleviated the deterioration of gut barrier and the elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines. The probiotics modified the gut dysbiosis induced by MPTP, especially decreasing the phylum Cyanobacteria, an assumed neuro-toxin producer, with increasing of Allobaculum and various species of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus.

Conclusion: Overall, the supplement of L.acidophilus NCFM and B.lactis HN019 was  effective for the improvements of inflammations and pathologies in both colon and SN at the same time, and therefore the probiotics supplement plays a neuroprotective role in the regulation of the gut-brain axis in PD progress.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/neuroprotective-effects-of-oral-consumption-of-bifidobacterium-lactis-and-lactobacillus-acidophilus-probiotics-on-the-1-methyl-4-phenyl-1236-tetrahydropytide-induced-parkinsons-disease-mou/