Objective: We aimed to investigate the incidence of Parkinson’s disease (PD) by age and year for each sex as well as the modifiable risk factors for PD.

Background: Given that PD currently has no disease-modifying treatment, it is important to identify the incidence and modifiable risk factors of PD and to find effective strategies for preventing PD in public health care policies. A variety of known modifiable risk factors exist for PD with varying degrees of impact on PD. However, the extent to which modifiable risk factors affect PD remains controversial.

Method: Using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service, 938,635 PD and dementia-free participants aged ≥ 40 years who underwent general health examinations were followed to December 2019. We analyzed the PD incidence rates according to age, year and sex. To investigate the modifiable risk factors for PD, we used the Cox regression model. Additionally, we calculated the population-attributable fraction to measure the impact of the risk factors on PD.

Results: During follow-up, 9,924 of the 938,635 (1.1%) participants developed PD. The incidence of PD increased continuously from 2007 to 2018, reaching 1.34 per 1,000 person-years in 2018. The incidence of PD also increases with age, up to 80 y. Presence of  hypertension (SHR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.14), diabetes (SHR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.31), dyslipidemia (SHR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.07 to 1.18), ischemic stroke (SHR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.36), hemorrhagic stroke (SHR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.47), ischemic heart disease (SHR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.17), depression (SHR = 1.61, 95% CI 1.53 to 1.69), osteoporosis (SHR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.30), and obesity (SHR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.10) were independently associated with a higher risk for PD.

Conclusion: Our study aimed to identify age- and sex-specific PD incidence based on a nationwide cohort that included a larger number of elderly participants. In addition, our results highlight the effect of modifiable risk factors for PD in the Korean population, which will help establish health care policies to prevent the development of PD.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/incidence-of-parkinsons-disease-and-modifiable-risk-factors-in-korean-population-a-longitudinal-follow-up-study-of-a-nationwide-cohort/