Objective: 1. To estimate the point prevalence of ICD in the local cases of PD using the series of rating scales.
2. To examine the association of various ICD manifestations in these patients.

Background: Dopaminergic medications applied in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are associated with Impulse control disorder (ICD). Risk factors of ICD in PD include younger age, male sex and personal or family history of addiction. ICDs are under-acknowledged because of shyness or ignorance & its pattern may vary depending on local practices of population & ethnicity. Early detection of ICDs by correlations is of vital importance.

Method: A clinical research vide observational prevalence study with cross-sectional data through purposive non-probability sampling was planned. All subjects, 54 cases (parkinsonian) & 53 control (non-parkinsonian), underwent Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). For screening, tests like Modified Minnesota Impulsive Disorders Interview, DSM IV-RT, PDQ-39 Summary Index & various others were applied consecutively. Patients with Mini Mental state examination (MMSE) score less than 20 and those who already had mood or psychiatric disorders were excluded. A standard calculation of Levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD) was applied to all. SPSS 20.0 was used for various statistical tests.

Results: Overall incidence of one or more ICDs among PD patients was 23 out of 54 (42.59%) compared to 3 out of 53 (5.66%) in healthy control group. Impulse control disorders like punding, marketing spree, gambling, sex adventures, binge eating, impulsiveness were significantly different and worse in the PD. But elderly age and more female patients with less addiction incidences were noted among the patients who had more “depression, anxiety and stress” and less MMSE score, despite lesser prognostic factors for ICD (like masculinity, addiction, younger age etc).

Conclusion: Our study correlated group of PD against healthy controls showing female dominated older case group who had less incidences of family turbulences and addiction, but still, compared to healthy controls, has worse score on MMSE and more incidence of ICDs. PD is more prognostic of ICDs than these ‘so-called’ harbingers like younger age, male gender or addiction.

References: 1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5®). American Psychiatric Pub; 2013 May 22. 2. Martinez-Castrillo JC. Impulse control disorders in Parkinson’s disease: a hard-turning point. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 2019;90(1):2-2. 3. Neff C, Wang MC, Martel H. Using the PDQ-39 in routine care for Parkinson’s disease. Parkinsonism & related disorders. 2018;53:105-7. 4. Zhang Y, qi He A, Li L, Chen W, Liu Z. Clinical characteristics of impulse control and related disorders in Chinese Parkinson’s disease patients. BMC neurology. 2017;17(1):98. 5. Molde H, Moussavi Y, Kopperud ST, Erga AH, Hansen AL, Pallesen S. Impulse-control disorders in Parkinson’s disease: a meta-analysis and review of case–control studies. Frontiers in neurology. 2018;9:330. 6. Bhattacharjee S. Impulse control disorders in Parkinson’s disease: Review of pathophysiology, epidemiology, clinical features, management, and future challenges. Neurology India. 2018;66(4):967. 7. Sharma A, Goyal V, Behari M, Srivastva A, Shukla G, Vibha D. Impulse control disorders and related behaviours (ICD-RBs) in Parkinson’s disease patients: assessment using “Questionnaire for impulsive-compulsive disorders in Parkinson’s disease”(QUIP). Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology. 2015;18(1):49.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/impulse-control-disorder-in-the-patients-of-parkinsons-disease-various-correlations/