Objective: Quantify the impact of osteoporosis in Parkinson’s disease to know factors that caused bone loss.

Background: Parkinson´s disease (PD) and osteoporosis are two conditions with high prevalence in older people. A multifactorial etiophatogenesis characterized by an abnormal reduction of the bone mass, become this population more fragile and exposed to the risk of falls and fractures. In addition, postural instability is another negative factor.

Methods: A Medline search was performed for articles published between December 2010 and December 2015, using these keywords: ‘bone mineral density’ (BMD), ‘bone metabolism’, ‘osteoporosis’, ‘elderly’ and ‘Parkinson’s disease’.

Results: PD patients have a lower bone mineral density (BMD) compared with patients with the same age and without the disease. The bone loss in Parkinson’s disease is multifactorial, the result of immobility, decreased muscle strength and low body weight. A deficiency of vitamin D is also important, not only because reduces BMD, but also because cell function in the substantia nigra depends on vitamin D. A few studies have demonstrated that treatment with bisphosphonates, vitamin D and calcium can increase BMD and reduce fractures in PD patients with PD as well as hospitalizations and premature death.

Conclusions: The multifactorial nature is the main feature of bone loss in PD. Frequent assessments of the degree of osteoporosis defines better therapeutic strategies and Quality of Life.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/pathophysiological-mechanisms-of-bone-mass-loss-for-osteoporosis-prevalence-in-parkinsons-disease/