Objective: We investigate interactions of caffeine intake with PD risk variants and determine PD risk estimates in caffeine-drinkers carrying these variants.

Background: Caffeine intake reduces risk of Parkinsons disease (PD), but the interaction with genes is unclear. The interaction of caffeine with genetic variants in those at high PD risk has healthcare importance.

Method: PD patients and controls without neurological disorders were included. Caffeine intake was assessed using a validated evaluation tool. Leucine rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) risk variants were genotyped. Statistical analysis was conducted with logistic regression models. Gene-caffeine interactions were quantified using attributable proportion (AP) due to interaction (positive interaction defined as AP>0).

Results: 5100 subjects were screened and 4488 subjects (1790 PD, 2698 controls) with genetic data of at least one LRRK2 variant were included. Risk-variant-carriers who were non-caffeine-drinkers had increased PD odds compared to wildtype carriers who were caffeine-drinkers for G2385R [OR 8·58(2·62-28·06) p<0·001; AP=0·71], R1628P [OR 4·57(1·64-12·75) p=0·004; AP=0·50] and S1647T [OR 4·01(1·99-8·09) p<0·001; AP=0·55] variants.

Conclusion: Caffeine intake interacts with LRRK2 risk variants across three different groups of gene carriers. Asymptomatic risk-variant-carriers who are non-caffeine-drinkers have four to eight times greater PD risk compared to wildtype-caffeine-drinkers.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/caffeine-intake-interacts-with-gene-variants-in-parkinsons-disease/