Objective: The objective of this study was to study the clinical phenomenology, investigational characteristics, radiological findings and the outcomes at discharge of patients presenting with MDE’s at the tertiary care neurology emergency service in India.

Background: Most of the literatures available on MDE are in the form of case series and case reports. There are few large systematic studies on the MDE’s globally and fewer from Indian subcontinent.

Method: This was a prospective, descriptive, observational study.
Patients presenting to the emergency department with hypokinetic and hyperkinetic MDE were included in the study [2, 3]. Patients with psychogenic movement disorders and those not willing to give consent were excluded from the study. The study period was from April 2019 to June 2021. Written informed consent was taken from all the study participants.

Results: Around 45000 patients with neurological emergencies attended the emergency services during the study period. A total of 90 patients with MDE attended the neurology emergency service. However, 71 patients fulfilling the selection criteria during the study period were included in the final analysis. The mean age of the patients was 45.4 ± 24.4 years (range-3-86 years). Forty patients were male and 31 were females. The mean age of the males was 42.9 ± 21.7 years (range- 3–74 years) and females were 48.8 ± 24.2 years (range- 3–86 years).
Movement disorder emergencies (n=71):
The hyperkinetic MDE (n=65) were predominant (91.5%) than the hypokinetic MDE (n=6). Chorea (n=42) was the predominant hyperkinetic MDE followed by dystonia (n=11), myoclonus (n=7), dyskinesia (n=2), tics (n=1), opsoclonus myoclonus syndrome (n=1) and dystonic tremor (n=1). Four patients had acute parkinsonism and one patient each had NMS and serotonin syndrome (SS). The symptom onset was acute in 47 patients (67.1%), subacute in 14 patients (20%) and hyperacute in 9 patients (12.7%). The mean time from onset of symptoms to presentation was 4.8 days. The severity of symptoms at presentation was mild in 6 patients (8.6%), moderate in 38 patients (53.5%) and severe in 27 patients (38%). The main etiological factor was hyperglycemia which was seen in 18 patients (25.4%).

Conclusion: Our study brings out some novel findings on the MDE in Indian scenario.

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