Objective: Analyze the influence of the types of dental prosthesis on the electromyographic activity of the masticatory muscles; masseter and temporal anterior in parkinsonians.

Background: Parkinson disease is a degenerative disease that leads to depigmentation of the black substance in the central nervous system. It affects mostly the elderly. It’s symptoms, like muscle stiffness, can cause difficulties for chewing¹. It is common the presence of tooth loss at this age and dental prosthesis are an alternative for the treatment, however, they may act on the masticatory function². Electromyography is used to evaluate the electrical activity of these muscles, considered as an important means to diagnose muscle disturbance³.

Method: It is an analytic, quantitative, cross sectional study with secondary data source of a research done at a university public hospital, Recife-PE, Brazil, in 2017 with 170 medical charts. It was evaluated the absence of prosthesis (SP), presence of removable superior partial prosthesis (TP1); removable superior and inferior partial prosthesis (TP2); and total superior with removable inferior partial prosthesis (TP3). An electromyograph, model: Miotool Face 200/400, was used to evaluate the masticatory muscle function. The maxim voluntary contraction of the muscles on both sides was compared, also among the groups without prosthesis. With the groups who have prosthesis, the test Student-Neuman-Keuls was applied considering p<0.05.

Results: After the eligibility criteria the final sample was of 41 people. On this study 63% were male with average age of 64 years, 73% were married, 44% were on stage 2 of PD with average time of diagnose of 7 years and 68% had dental prosthesis. Regarding the types of prosthesis 29% had removable superior and inferior partial prosthesis. During the analysis of the masseter muscle, when compared to the group with absence of prosthesis (SP) with the different types of prothesis (TP1, TP2 and TP3), it was verified a significant difference (p=0.0018) on the following crossings: SP vs TP2; SP vs TP3, TP1 vs TP2, TP1 vs TP3. For the temporal anterior muscle, there was difference for 3 groups analyzed (SPvsTP2; SPvsTP3; TP1vsTP3), (p=0.0034).

Conclusion: It was verified that the use of dental prosthesis interfered negatively on the electrical activity of the masticatory muscles of parkinsonians.

References: [1] Albuquerque, L. C. A., Silva, H. J., Pernambuco, L. A., Lima, S. J. H., & Cunha, D. A. (2017). Amplitude and speed of masticatory movements in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Revista CEFAC, 19(1), 69-74. [2] Cavalcanti, R. V. A., & Bianchini, E. M. G. (2008). Verification and morfofunctional analysis of mastication characteristics in individuals using removable dental prosthesis. Revista CEFAC, 10(4), 490-502. [3] Oncins, M. C., Vieira, M. M., & Bommarito, S. (2014). Electromyography of the masticatory muscles: analysis in the original and RMS value. Revista CEFAC, 16(4), 1215-1221.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/electrical-activity-of-the-masticatory-muscles-of-parkinsonians-influenced-by-the-use-of-removable-dental-prosthesis/