Objective: We tried to investigate the impact of tDCS on mRNA and microRNA expression in striatum and substantia nigra of transgenic mouse model of PD.

Background: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has demonstrated to modulate neuroplasticity and its beneficial effects of motor and non motor symptoms are observed in PD patients. Furthermore, recently, some results showed neuroprotective effect in PD in vivo model. However, few studies have attempted to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of tDCS in the brain

Method: As transgenic mouse model of PD, we adopted α-synuclein A30P/A53T double mutation mouse. Anodal tDCS was applied as stimulation method at 1.5mA intensities for 5 consecutive sessions over 1 week. Mouse group was divided into tDCS and control group. After the last tDCS was applied, all of the mice were tested on the motor coordination test and then sacrificed followed by performing microarray for evaluation of microRNA(miRNA) and mRNA transcriptome and analysis.

Results: In striatum, 38 miRNA and 39 mRNA probes were detected as significant (|Fold change|≥1.5 & p <0.05) and 29 miRNA and 274 mRNA probes showed significant difference in SN. In a functional annotation, a variety of cellular processes, biological processes, and molecular categories in SN and striatum were found to be modified by anodal tDCS compared to control group. KEGG analysis show that melanogenesis, pathway in cancer, cushing’s syndrome, cAMP signaling pathway, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, Vascular mooth muscle contraction and inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels were most affected. (p < 0.001). We also investigated correlation between microRNA and mRNA. In SN, 3 miRNA were upregulated with concomitant mRNA downregulation (miR-30c-2-3p, miR-7a-2-3p, miR-676-3p) and 2 miRNA were downregulated in parallel with mRNA upregulation (miR-1906, miR-466f-3p), while 8 miRNA were detected as significant for correlation with mRNA expression in striatum (miR-101a-5p, miR-134-5p, miR-143-3p, miR-16-2-3p, miR-361-5p, miR-532-3p, miR-665-5p, miR-1934-3p)

Conclusion: Our results support anodal tDCS can modify the expression of transcriptome profiles and elucidate some specific pathway could be involved as mechanism of tDCS.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/transcriptome-modification-of-anodal-transcranial-direct-current-stimulation-in-transgenic-parkinsons-disease-mouse-model/