Objective: To investigate the relationship between mucosal chemokines including CXCL14 and CCL28) and impairment in motor/non-motor function among patients with Parkinson’s disease.

Background: Parkinson disease is (PD) the second most common neurodegenerative disease following Alzheimer’s disease. Accumulating research provides evidence for a striking reaction of the innate and adaptive immune system in PD. Furthermore, many investigators have reported that cytokine levels in the serum and cerebral spinal fluid of patients with PD showed a sharp increase compared to control subjects. These reports include proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) (1-3) and T-cell activation-associated cytokine (IL-2) (4). We analyzed the relationship between cytokines and clinical impairment in patients with PD.

Method: Patients with PD and controls were recruited from Tokushima university hospital. Clinical symptoms were assessed and serum were collected on the same day. Serum were stored at -80 ℃ until assayed. Serum C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 14 (CXCL14) and C-C motif chemokine ligand 28 (CCL28) levels were analyzed on a Multiplex MAGPIX® system (Millipore, MA, USA). Differences between patients and controls were compared by Student’s t-test. Spearman correlation coefficient were used to quantify the relationship between clinical symptoms and cytokines. All analyses were carried out using R statistical computing environment version 3.5.1 (http://www.R-project.org).

Results: Total of 19 patients with PD and 16 controls were enrolled. In 19 patients, 7 were women, mean age was 70.0 ± 10.1 years, mean duration of onset symptom was 3.8 ± 4.1 years. Means ± standard deviation (SD) for Modified Hoehn and Yahr stage was 2.0 ± 1.0, and UPDRS III was 12.8 ± 8.7, Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) was 27.0 ± 2.5, and Japanese version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J) was 22.6 ± 3.6. The serum level of CXCL14 were 15,400 ± 4,200 pg/ml and CCL28 were 900 ± 600 pg/ml. In motor/non-motor symptoms, no clinical sign was significantly correlated with CXCL14 or CCL28. MoCA-J and MMSE subdomain analysis revealed that both of CXCL14 and CCL28 were significantly correlated with fluency and abstraction in MoCA-J and orientation for time in MMSE. Significant correlations were observed for CCL28 with delayed recall in MoCA-J and calculation in MMSE.

Conclusion: Several cognitive subdomains were correlated with CXCL14 and/or CCL 28.

References: 1. Mogi M, Harada M, Riederer P, Narabayashi H, Fujita K, Nagatsu T. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) increases both in the brain and in the cerebrospinal fluid from parkinsonian patients. Neuroscience letters. 1994;165(1-2):208-10. 2. Muller T, Blum-Degen D, Przuntek H, Kuhn W. Interleukin-6 levels in cerebrospinal fluid inversely correlate to severity of Parkinson’s disease. Acta neurologica Scandinavica. 1998;98(2):142-4. 3. Jimenez-Jimenez FJ, Alonso-Navarro H, Garcia-Martin E, Agundez JA. Cerebrospinal fluid biochemical studies in patients with Parkinson’s disease: toward a potential search for biomarkers for this disease. Frontiers in cellular neuroscience. 2014;8:369. 4. Nagatsu T, Mogi M, Ichinose H, Togari A, editors. Changes in cytokines and neurotrophins in Parkinson’s disease2000; Vienna: Springer Vienna.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/serum-mucosal-chemokine-levels-in-patients-with-parkinson-disease/