Objective: To describe the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD) and to determine the association between renal function and PD severity.

Background: Few studies have addressed the possibility of a relationship between chronic kidney disease and Parkinson’s disease and there is uncertainty regarding the role of kidney function in neurodegeneration. It has been suggested that hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia are risk factors for PD and CKD(1,2). However, in everyday clinical practice it is not common to find patients with concurrent PD and renal disease.

Method: We performed a descriptive, cross-sectional, retrolective study of patients from a neurology clinic in Mexico diagnosed with PD. We assessed renal function kidney disease improving global outcomes (KDIGO) classification and Parkinson disease severity with movement disorder scale – united PD society score (MDS-UPDRS). We measured mean and standard deviation for continuous variables, percentages for categorical variables, Spearman’s coefficient and chi square test to assess rank correlation.

Results: We included 25 patients (16 men and 9 women) with Parkinson’s disease with an average of 69 years of age (SD ± 8.8) and a mean duration of disease of 6.7 years (SD ± 5.66). Twenty four percent of patients had a history of diabetes, 12% had hypertension and none had a history of cardiovascular disease. According to the KDIGO classification to evaluate CKD, 52% of patients were categorized as stage 2 (13 patients), 44% as stage 1 (11 patients) and only 4% (1 patient) as stage 3. No patients were classified within the more advances stages of chronic kidney disease (stage 4 and 5). There was a high negative correlation between PD and CKD measured by serum creatinine value and estimated glomerular filtration rate (rs -0.886, p<0.05) that did not seem to be related to the presence of diabetes (X2p>0.05).

Conclusion: Chronic kidney disease appears to have a very low prevalence in patients with PD; this prevalence is lower than that described in the general population. Patients with PD in advanced stages also appear to have a better glomerular filtration rate and a lower serum creatinine value. Further studies with a larger sample are essential to better explore this possible correlation between PD and CKD.

References: Soo Jin Wang, Jae Moon Yun, Dong Wook Shin, et al. Chronic Kdiney Disease: A risk factor for Parkinson´s disease. Korean J Clin Geri 2017; 18 (2): 95-101. I-Kuan Wang , Cheng- Li Lin, Yi Ying Wu et al. Increased Risk of Parkinson´s Disease in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease: A retrospective cohort study. Neuroepidemiology 2014; 42:204-210.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/prevalence-of-chronic-kidney-disease-in-patients-with-idiopathic-parkinsons-disease-in-a-tertiary-care-hospital-in-mexico-city/