Objective: In search of new techniques to help improve lifestyle of Parkinson`s diseased conditions (PDs), a wireless technique is proposed to identify freeze, reduce freeze, and restore restart and increase walking and motor functioning by means of apparent electrical stimulation during an episode.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a cutting edge functional technology surgical method used to treat advanced idiopathic Parkinson`s disease (PD). Based on subjective UPDRS score, neurologists declare the subjects as PD patients and MRI to place the target STN, to identify foci or locus of STN, and to evaluate final point of contact electrode. In advanced older patients we often encounter freezing of gait (FoG, strongly relates to falls). As per global statistics, circa ̴78% of patients have freeze after 18 years of illness, provoking 60% falls and injuries in them and medication is obsolete prior to this feature—symptom. Freezing of gait (FoG) is defined as a brief, episodic absence or marked reduction of forward progression of the feet despite the intention to walk [1]. It is one of the most debilitating motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) as it may lead to falls and a loss of independence. The pathophysiology of FoG seems to differ from the cardinal features of PD and is still largely unknown. However, damage (or lost) of dopamine cells [2], [3] causing PD.

Methods: A sensor based on a triaxial accelerometer placed on the posterior-secondary nerve was used to gather and accumulate data of right lower extremity during the presence of a freezing-episode. Data processed on phone (Samsung) running under Android versioned operating system by employing wavelet-transform that we developed here in Java and Mat Lab (a language for scientific-research-technical computing). Transcutaneous electrical stimulation was applied near the tibialis posterior nerve of the lower extremities to continue-stride which shows better-results comparing with vibratory-stimulation.

Results: results show feasible diagnostic tests for the validation of system (e.g., precision for accuracy, sensitivity and specificity.

Conclusions: Gait pattern generation disturbances are central to FOG. The manifestation of FoG is connected to the degree of PD, the greater the degree of disease, the greater the possibility that the individual will develop episodes of FoG. Patients in Group 3 perceive electrical stimulus more effectively, this is due to specific percentages of permeability. However, effectiveness of lead position is must.

References: 1. Heremans, E, et.al., Freezing of gait in Parkinson’s disease: where are we now?, Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2013 Jun; 13 (6): 350. 2. D Dormant, et.al., Neuroimaging and Deep Brain Stimulation, AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 31-15-23, Jan 2010. www.ajnr.org. 3. Thuy T. Pham, et.al., Freezing of Gait Detection in Parkinson`s Disease: A subject-independent detector using anomaly scores, IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, Vol. 64, No. 11, Pp: 2719-2728, November, 2017.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/stn-dbs-a-study-of-frequency-of-gait-fog-in-parkinsons-disease/