Objective: We seek to investigate the nighttime sleep pattern of neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and primary Parkinson’s disease (PD).

Background: Sleep disorders are common in both ALS and PD patients.

Methods: Two researchers simultaneously collected 10 ALS patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University from February 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017. All of them have been diagnosed by using polysomnography (PSG). Besides, 11 age- and sex- matched PD patients were also included in this study. The PSG was used at night for all these patients to exert night monitoring, and two professional physicians analyzed the results, thus finally to elucidate the differences between these two disease regarding the incidence rate and types of sleep disorders, the composition and characteristics of sleep structures, the types and influencing factors of sleep-related respiratory disorders, sleep-related problems such as the incidence of insomnia and REM sleep.

Results: There was no significant difference between two groups for sleep latency, N1 ratio, N (3+4) ratio and REM (P>0.05). While significant difference has been found between the two groups for N2 ratio (P<0.05). Regarding the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), ALS group was found to be significantly higher than the PD group. Insomnia happened in 7 out of 10 patients of ALS group using PSG (70%). Among the 11 patients with PSG in PD group, 7 patients had insomnia (72.7%). RBD (rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder) happened only in 1 of the 10 patients in the ALS group. While in PD group, by using PSG, 4 patients have typical RBD (36.3%).

Conclusions: Sleep disorders are common in both diseases. In terms of sleep staging, the proportion of N2 patients in the ALS group is significantly longer than that in the PD group. Sleep latency, N1, N (3+4), REM, Efficiency, total sleep time ALS group and PD group no significant difference. Sleep-related respiratory problems, ALS patients relative to the PD group of patients, AHI was significantly increased, the remaining SAHS incidence, the average oxygen saturation baseline value, the lowest oxygen saturation, hypoglycemia and other aspects of no statistically significant difference. The incidence of insomnia in ALS patients and PD patients are very high, the ratio of PD combined with RBD is much higher than that of ALS.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/the-comparative-clinical-analysis-of-sleep-patterns-in-patients-with-amyotrophic-lateral-sclerosis-and-parkinsons-disease/