Objective: The aim is to evaluate case reports and series of convergence spasm (CS).

Background: CS consists of episodes of convergence of the eyes, miosis, and accommodation occurring inappropriately. It was prospectively evaluated by Fekete et al. (2011) in movement disorder patients, finding marked CS in 9/13 (69%) of psychogenic movement disorder cases.

Methods: PubMed was searched with keywords “convergence spasm” for articles published 1/1/2012 to 1/1/2018. In addition, citation alerts of the 2011 article were followed. Case reports and case series of CS in patients were included. The same search for “convergence spasm” 1/1/2012 to 1/1/2018 was also performed in Google Scholar.

Results: 14 articles were included, of which 12 were case reports. There was a case series of 4 patients where CS symptoms approximated attacks of benign vertigo. Additional retrospective case series lists 8 patients with CS classified as psychogenic from 817 clinic patients.

Conclusions: In this search, 19 patients with psychogenic CS and 5 with organic etiologies were reported. Unfortunately, no further case reports of CS in psychogenic or organic movement disorders were found. CS continues to be reported primarily as a functional disorder in general neurology and ophthalmology literature. (An earlier version of this abstract was also presented at the 142nd Annual Meeting of the American Neurological Association.)

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/update-on-convergence-spasm-review-of-psychogenic-and-organic-case-reports/