Objective:  To study differential peculiarities of cognitive functions disorders in Parkinson’s disease (PD) dementia and vascular dementia (VD).

Background: 44 VD and 18 PD dementia patients were involved.

Methods: clinical, psychodiagnostical, ultrasound, biochemical, neuroimaging.

Results: In 61.1% of PD patients MMSE index was 19.3, corresponding to mild and in 38.9%- 14.4 -moderate dementia. In structure of cognitive dysfunction violations of perceptual-gnostical sphere, counting operations, verbal memory and decrease of orientation were dominated. In mild PD dementia all types of praxis and gnosis defects determined: dynamic (100.0%), structural (100.0%), spatial praxis (90,9%), praxis poses for the visual model (72.8%) and visual (100.0%), spatial (100.0%), acoustic (90.9%) and tactile gnosis (90.9%).

In structure of complex forms voluntary activity and perceptual motor function violations mild degree dysfunctions  (spatial praxis (45.4%)), praxis poses for visual sample (36.4%)), spatial gnosis (45.5%)) and moderate degree dysfunctions (dynamic praxis (54.5%)), visual (54.5%)), acoustic (63.7%)) and tactile gnosis (36.4%)) predominated.

In moderate PD praxis and gnosis defects of moderate degree (praxis poses for visual sample (57.1%)), acoustic (57.2%)) and spatial gnosis (71.4%)) and severe degree (spatial (57.1%)), dynamic (71.4%)), constructive praxis (57.2%)) and visual (57.2%)), tactile gnosis (57.1%)) were predominated.

In 59.0% VD patients index by MMSE was 19.6, in 41.0% – 15.2. All mild VD patients had defects of dynamic, constructive, spatial praxis and praxis poses for visual sample (100.0%, 100.0%, 92.3%, 84.6%) and defects of visual, acoustic, spatial and tactile gnosis as well (100.0%, 100.0%, 92.3%, 84.6%). Mild degree dysfunctions (dynamic (57.7%)), spatial praxis (50.0%)), praxis poses for visual sample (53.8%)), visual (53.8%)) and tactile gnosis (46.2%)) and moderate degree dysfunctions (constructive praxis (42.3%)), acoustic (57.7%)) and spatial gnosis (61.5%)) predominated.

In moderate VD moderate degree dysfunctions  (dynamic (55.6%)), spatial praxis (50.0%)), praxis poses for the visual model (33,4%)), visual (44.4%)), acoustic (61.1%)) and tactile gnosis species (50.0%)) and severe degree dysfunctions (constructive praxis (66.7%)), spatial gnosis (66 7%)) predominated.

Conclusions: In research differential peculiarities of cognitive functions disorders in PD and VD were showed.

References: Jankovic J. Parkinson’s disease: clinical features and diagnosis/ Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 79.4 (2008): 368-376.

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MDS Abstracts - https://www.mdsabstracts.org/abstract/differential-peculiarities-of-cognitive-disorders-in-parkinsons-disease-dementia-and-vascular-dementia/